Abtv has many similarities to banana bunchy top virus bbtv but is both genetically and serologically distinct in that it lacks two open reading frames found in bbtvs genome. All components of individual viruses contain two sequence elements which are. Alpinia caerulea, alpinia zerumbet, canna indica, colocasia esculenta. Development of transgenic bananas for bbtv resistance john hu. Research article effect of banana bunchy top virus infection on morphology and growth characteristics of banana c. Although the disease was first reported in the late 1880s, the virus itself, which was originally classified as a luteovirus, was isolated in the late 1980s and reassigned to the nanoviridae family in the genus babuvirus.
Aphids, plants and banana bunchy top virus sources a p. Effect of banana bunchy top virus infection on morphology and. Abaca bunchy top virus abtv is a pathogenic plant virus of the family nanoviridae. Development of banana bunchy top virus resistance in bananas. Pdf movement and transmission of banana bunchy top virus dna. The virus is transmitted in a circulative nonpropagative manner by the banana aphid, pentalonia nigronervosa coquerel. The disease is caused by the banana bunchy top virus bbtv. Virus an illustrated guide to 101 incredible microbes free. Its integral genome consists of at least six circular ssdna genome components and is associated with all geographical isolates of bbtv. The purpose of this article is to enhance ones ability to recognize bunchy top and the aphid vector. Presently, the only described group of plant viruses with an ssdna genome. Predicting the benefits of banana bunchy top virus. Predicting the benefits of banana bunchy top virus exclusion. Its genome contains at least six circular singlestranded dna components of 1 kb in size 4,5,6,7,8,9,10.
Like many viruses, bbtv was named after the symptoms seen, where the infected plants are stunted and have bunchy leaves at the top. The disease results in significant loss of yield, stunting and bunchy appearance of leaves. The global distribution of banana bunchy top virus reveals. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv00overview eppo global database. Banana bunchy top virus department of primary industries. Bbtv is one of the most economically important pathogens of musa spp. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a circular, singlestranded css dna virus that belongs to the genus babuvirus in the family nanoviridae. In this thesis, a molecular approach was used to generate genetically modified banana plants, some of which were resistant to. The disease is caused by b anana bunchy top virus bbtv, which is. Determine disease parameters that are important to the development of virus management practices team members harvest banana bunches and look for plants infected with banana bunchy top virus. Refworks clicking refworks will open refworks in your existing refworks tab, or a. Emerging disease threats to banana and plantain status of. Page 2 of 4 j agri sci food res, an open access journal volume 9 issue 4 245. Banana bunchy top virus an overview sciencedirect topics.
Banana bunchy top virus is not transmitted from adult aphids to their offspring. Bbtv is responsible for the most devastating virus disease of banana known as bunchy top, for which conventional control measures are generally ineffective. The rate of virus free plant regeneration from banana bunchy top virus bbtv infected plants was 57. Localization, concentration, and transmission efficiency. Banana bunchy top virus is widespread in southeast asia, the philippines, taiwan, most south pacific islands, hawaii and parts of india and africa. Organism names see more details, hemiptera hemiptera subject category.
Banana bunchy top disease can be effectively controlled by the eradication of diseased plants and the use of virustested planting material. Pdf banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a circular singlestranded ss plant dna virus and the type member of the genus babuvirus in the. We analyzed 171 banana leaf samples from fourteen countries and recovered, cloned, and sequenced 855 complete bbtv components including. The sedimentation coefficient of banana bunchy top virus bbtv virions is 46s. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a threat to hawaii bananas. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is the causal agent of banana bunchy top disease. Tv was identified in south africa in 2015, on musa plantations in kwazulunatal kzn. Bbtv is a member of the genus babuvirus in the family nanoviridae. Study the patterns of banana bunchy top virus spread in commercial fields 3. Biotechnology applications for banana and plantain improvement. Virus an illustrated guide to 101 incredible microbes. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv causes a severe disease of banana worldwide, including southern china 1,2,3. Members of the family geminiviridae geminiviruses are also cssdna viruses that infect plants and are replicated by a repmediated rolling circle mechanism.
We analyzed 171 banana leaf samples from fourteen countries and recovered, cloned, and sequenced 855 complete bbtv components. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a circular singlestranded ss plant dna virus and the type member of the genus babuvirus in the family nanoviridae. The disease, often called bbtd for banana bunchy top disease, gets its name from the bunchy appearance of infected plants. Development of transgenic bananas for bbtv resistance. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a plant virus having a.
Pdf the systemic movement and replication of banana bunchy top virus bbtv dna. Many factors influence banana production negatively such as banana bunchy top. By that time, however, the virus has most likely been spread to other plants by the banana aphid, pentalonia nigronervosa. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is one of the most severe and widespread virus limiting production and distribution of planting material of banana musa spp. Studies over the past 100 years have contributed to important knowledge on disease biology, distribution, and spread. Bbtv is a small virus of size 2022 nm in diameter, consisting of ssdna with the relative molecular mass of 2. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv causes one of the most devastating diseases of banana. Video includes background history, identification, aphid control, and treatment of banana bunchy top virus. The recent outbreak of the disease in south africa caused major concern to banana growers, as yield losses of up to 100% can be recorded. Bunchy top the banana knowledge platform of the promusa. Bbtv is diagnosed by identifying symptoms of diseased plants or by submitting a banana leaf sample to test for the banana bunchy top virus. Banana suckers infected with bbtv were also obtained from a banana.
Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is the most destructive pathogenic virus of banana plants worldwide. Banana bunchy top is a viral disease caused by a singlestranded dna virus called the banana bunchy top virus bbtv. It is fairly common and very problematic in hawaii, but rarely is found here in the us, even in florida. Abtv has been isolated from both abaca musa textilis and banana musa sp.
Bunchy top of banana symptoms epidemiology management. Bunchy top disease of banana is one of the most devastating diseases caused by banana bunchy top virus bbtv. Banana bunchy top virus detection characterization management elisa dotblot pcr realtime pcr. Before destruction, diseased plants should first be sprayed with power kerosene or insecticide to kill all viruliferous aphids. Some bbtv isolates may also carry 1 3 satellite dna components that. Magee cjp 1927 lnvestigation on the bunchy top disease of the banana.
The cooperative extension service 1997 states that, \ banana bunchy top virus is spread by the banana aphid, which acquires the virus after at least four but usually about 18 hours of feeding on an infected plant. Banana bunchy top virus and its vector pentalonia nigronervosa. Development of banana bunchy top virus resistance in. The global distribution of banana bunchy top virus reveals little. Banana bunchy top disease can be effectively controlled by the eradication of diseased plants and the use of virus tested planting material.
A new distribution map is provided for banana bunchy top virus. Search for alternative hosts of banana bunchy top virus in. The aphid can retain the virus through its adult life, for a. Highthroughput detection of banana bunchy top virus in banana plants and aphids using realtime taqman. Alpinia caerulea, alpinia zerumbet, canna indica, colocasia. In democratic republic of congo drc, these crops play a major role in daily life of almost 70% of citizen. Banana bunchy top virus and the bunchy top disease.
Effect of banana bunchy top virus infection on morphology. Banana bunchy top disease bbtd is one of the most important. Transgenic virus resistance is now considered one of the most promising strategies to control bbtv. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a plant pathogenic virus of the family nanoviridae known for infecting banana plants and other crops. Infected plants cannot recover and will serve as a source of viral. Namratha nd, narayan bm, chougal a, chidanand ar 2018 development of rapidot immunoassays for the detection of banana bunchy top virus.
Banana bunchy top disease bbt is one of the most serious. Although unequivocal evidence by reproduction of the disease through inoculation of purified virions or cloned genomic components is lacking, definitive association of bbtv with bunchy top disease was demonstrated by insect vectormediated transmission of. Although unequivocal evidence by reproduction of the disease through inoculation of purified virions or cloned genomic components is lacking, definitive association of bbtv with bunchy top disease was demonstrated by insect vectormediated transmission of bbtv from an. Banana aphids must feed on an infected banana plant to acquire and spread the virus. General information about banana bunchy top virus bbtv00. It causes bun chy top disease of banana and plantain.
Virus host plants banana, plantain, abaca, wild banana, bird of paradise, ginger affected plant stages all growth stages affected plant parts whole plant symptoms the initial symptom is the presence of darkgreen spots on the petioles, midribs, and leaf veins of the newly emerging leaves. Obtain a better understanding of the banana aphids biology and ecology 2. Banana bunchy top virus detection characterization management elisa dotblot pcr realtime pcr vector transmission host range virus diversity. Bunchy top is a viral disease caused by the banana bunchy top virus bbtv. Bbtv causes bunchy top disease of banana and plantain. Evidence for a viral agent a virus, bbtv, is the causal agent of bunchy top disease of banana. Eradication of banana bunchy top virus bbtv and banana. First report of banana bunchy top virus in banana and. Banana bunchy top virus the banana knowledge platform of. Independent modulation of individual genomic component. Banana bunchy top disease is caused by banana bunchy top virus bbtv that belongs to nano virus group.
Regardless of the reason, it is a simple fact that the days of banana diseases, banana bunchy top virus principally, are numbered. Bunchy top the banana knowledge platform of the promusa network. This kit includes lyophilized reaction pellets containing the necessary reagents to amplify bbtv dna at a single operating temperature 39 c. Pdf banana bunchy top virus and the bunchy top disease. The cooperative extension service 1997 states that, \banana bunchy top virus is spread by the banana aphid, which acquires the virus after at least four but usually about 18 hours of feeding on an infected plant. Occurrence and distribution of banana bunchy top virus.
Movement and transmission of banana bunchy top virus. The aphid can retain the virus through its adult life, for a period of 1520 days. Banana bunchy top virus and the bunchy top disease springerlink. Localization, concentration, and transmission efficiency of. Banana and plantain are also known to be susceptible to five other viruses of minor significance, such as abaca mosaic virus, abaca bunchy top virus, banana mild mosaic virus, banana virus x, and cucumber mosaic virus. Development of rapidot immunoassays for the detection of. In this thesis, a molecular approach was used to generate genetically modified banana plants, some of which were resistant to bbtv infection. Certified tissue culture plants are safe to distribute. The banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a circular singlestranded dna virus 1820 nm in diameter that causes bunchy top in bananas.
Field diagnosis and management of banana bunchy top. Dale j, burns t, oehlschlager s, karan m, harding r. Like many viruses, bbtv was named after the symptoms seen, where the infected plants. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a plant pathogenic virus of the family nanoviridae known for. Bunchy top, caused by banana bunchy top virus bbtv, is the most important viral disease affecting banana worldwide, for which control is very difficult.
The virus is vectored by the banana aphid pentalonia nigronervosa. Bunchy top disease, caused by banana bunchy top virus bbtv is one of the most important constraints on banana production in several countries of asia, africa, and the pacific, including hawaii 2,3,4. Current diagnostic methods for bbtv are laborious and prone to generate falsenegative results. Distribution details in myanmar of banana bunchy top virus bbtv00. It was first identified in fiji in 1891, and has spread around the world and thereafter from almost all the potential banana growing areas of the world. Banana bunchy top disease bbt is one of the most serious diseases of banana. Presentation mode open print download current view.
Highthroughput detection of banana bunchy top virus in. It seems there is an epidemic lately of people thinking they have bbtv here on the mainland. In 2011, an outbreak of banana bunchy top disease bbtd caused by banana bunchy top virus bbtv. Structural studies on banana bunchy top virus sangita venkataraman1, sundaram s1, selvarajan r2, savithri hs3 1amity institute of integrative sciences and health, gurgaon, india, 2national research center for banana, tiruchirapalli, india, 3indian institute of science, bengaluru, india email. It was first identified in fiji in 1879, and has spread around the world since then. Almeida2 1 department of plant and environmental protection sciences, university of hawaii at manoa, honolulu, hi, usa. Virus acquisition and latent periods in aphids and banana plants mandy anhalt uh ctahr peps rodrigo p. A simple, reliable, and highthroughput method for detecting bbtv in plants and aphids has been developed, which involves tissues disruption from banana plants and. This document supplements the information in pd12 banana bunchy top virus, which is available. Bbtv is responsible for the most devastating virus disease of banana known as bunchy top, for which conventional control measures are. Pathogenderived resistance pdr strategies have been applied successfully to generate plants that are resistant to.
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